Neutering is a common practice among dog owners. However, neutering can also have some negative effects on the health and well-being of dogs. Here are some of the potential drawbacks of neutering your dog.
Increased Risk of Joint Disorders and Cancers
Neutering a dog involves removing the sex organs, which also means removing the hormones that regulate many bodily functions. These hormones play a role in the development and maintenance of the bones, joints, muscles, and immune system. When dogs are neutered before they reach their full growth potential, they may experience abnormal growth patterns that can lead to joint disorders such as hip dysplasia, elbow dysplasia, and cranial cruciate ligament disease . These conditions can cause pain, lameness, arthritis, and reduced mobility in dogs.
Neutering can also affect the risk of certain cancers in dogs. Neutering can also increase the risk of cancers such as bone cancer, lymphoma, mast cell tumor, hemangiosarcoma, and prostate cancer. These cancers can be aggressive, invasive, and fatal in dogs.
Hormonal Imbalances and Metabolic Disorders
Neutering a dog can also disrupt the balance of hormones that regulate the metabolism, appetite, energy level, and body temperature. Neutered dogs tend to have lower levels of thyroid hormones, which can lead to hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism is a condition where the thyroid gland does not produce enough hormones to keep the body functioning normally. Symptoms of hypothyroidism include weight gain, lethargy, hair loss, skin problems, and intolerance to cold.
Neutered dogs also tend to have lower levels of growth hormone, which can affect their muscle mass and strength. Neutered dogs may lose muscle tone and become more prone to injuries and weakness.
Neutered dogs are also more likely to become obese than intact dogs. This is because neutering reduces the metabolic rate and increases the appetite of dogs. Obesity can lead to many health problems such as diabetes, heart disease, respiratory problems, and joint problems.
Behavioral Changes and Personality Alterations
Neutering a dog can have some positive effects on their behavior, such as reducing aggression, roaming, urine marking, and breeding attempts. However, neutering can also have some negative effects on their behavior and personality. Neutered dogs may become more fearful, anxious, or depressed than intact dogs. They may also lose some of their drive, motivation, or confidence .
Neutering can also affect the cognitive abilities of dogs. A study by Zink et al. found that neutered dogs had lower scores on memory tests than intact dogs or dogs sterilized with hormone-sparing methods (vasectomy or hysterectomy).
Conclusion
Neutering your dog is not a simple decision that should be made without considering the pros and cons. Neutering can have both positive and negative effects on your dog's health and behavior depending on their age, gender, breed, and individual factors. You should consult with your veterinarian about the best option for your dog based on their specific needs and circumstances.
References
: Hart BL et al., 2016. Neutering of German Shepherd Dogs: associated joint disorders, cancers and urinary incontinence. Veterinary Medicine and Science, 2(3), pp.191-199.
: Zink MC et al., 2014. Evaluation of the risk and age of onset of cancer and behavioral disorders in gonadectomized Vizslas. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 244(3), pp.309-319.
: Torres de la Riva G et al., 2013. Neutering dogs: effects on joint disorders and cancers in golden retrievers. PloS one, 8(2), p.e55937.
: Zink C et al., 2016. Evaluation of health and behavioral effects of gonadectomy on dogs and cats using a large electronic medical record database. In Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Non-Surgical Contraceptive Methods for Pet Population Control (pp. 1-10).
: Root Kustritz MV, 2007. Determining the optimal age for gonadectomy of dogs and cats. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 231(11), pp.1665-1675.